Coptic Language & Alphabets
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Coptic

Coptic is the common colloquial Egyptian. Its roots stem from the New Egyptian Language and has a large similitude with the version of the Egyptian Language of the 25th Kingdom (Saees Kingdom named after its Capital: Sa-ElHahgar). I also have some samples of Coptic writings on papyrus.

Derivitive Languages or Dialects

bulletSahidic
bulletBohairic
bulletAkhmimic
bulletLycopolitan (Subakhmimic)
bulletFayyumic

 

Sahidic

Can be either Thebban or upper Egyptian from 4th BC and looked upon as Classic Coptic.

 

Bohairic

The dialect of the Nile delta, and considered the dialect of the Coptic Church.

 
 

Samples of Coptic writings on papyrus
(large images)

bulletMatthew 1:1 in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 811 R)
bulletMatthew 17:20-18:22 in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 241)
bulletIsaiah 37 or 2 Kings 19 in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 282)
bulletMark 16:7 and the "shorter ending" and Luke 22:6 and 22:25 in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 814)
bulletActs 21:25 and 21:27-28 in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 819)
bulletGospel title (P.Duk.inv. 844) (Coptic?)
bulletAlphabets and syllabary in Greek and Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 232)
Title: Alphabets and syllabary, [5--]
Subject: Wooden tablets --Egypt --30 B.C.-640 A.D.
bulletPrivate(?) letter in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 811 V)
bulletLiterary text in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 1058)
bulletPrivate letter in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 5 (b))
bulletSafe-conduct pass in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 268)
bulletMartyrdom in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 438)
Papyrus martyrdom containing a report of proceedings before the praeses Thebaidos Satrius Arrianus, governor of the Thebaid, in Kleopatris, Egypt. Stephanos, a Christian priest from Lenaios in the Antinoites (Antinoite Nome) is brought forward by the jailor Hierax and subsequently interrogated by the praeses. Stephanos is condemned to death by burning. The proceedings are dated to Choiach (Nov. 27-Dec. 26), 305 A.D.
bulletMagical handbook in Coptic (P.Duk.inv. 460)

 

 

In addition to the above letters, the Coptic language uses a special symbol called the "Jenkem" as an apostrophe. The Jenkem looks like the Latin Apostrophe.

The Coptic Language makes use of abbreviations as well, especially with words that are used frequently. An abbreviated word can be recognized by a bar on its top. For example, the words for "Jesus Christ" (pronounced Isoos Pi'ekhrestos in Coptic) are abbreviated as shown below (see also the Copt-Net Logo on top of this Newsletter):

___ ___

IHC nXC (Abbreviated forms of the words "Jesus" and "Christ")

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Thursday, 24. October 2002 10:53 AM -0400